Programming

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Principles

By MDToolsOne •
OOP Principles

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a software development paradigm built around the concept of objects. It improves code maintainability, reusability, and scalability — essential for modern software engineering.

The 4 Core OOP Principles

1. Encapsulation

Encapsulation means bundling data and methods inside classes while restricting direct access to internal details.

2. Inheritance

Inheritance allows one class to extend another, reducing code duplication and reinforcing structure.

3. Polymorphism

Polymorphism allows a single function or method to work differently depending on context.

4. Abstraction

Abstraction hides unnecessary details and exposes only essential functionality.

Why OOP Matters Today

  • Improved code organization
  • Better scalability for large projects
  • Built-in modularity
  • Easier testing and debugging

Mastering OOP is essential for becoming a professional developer.

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